2013 Governance & leadership

Executive Stock Options as Mixed Gambles: Revisiting the Behavioral Agency Model

Geoffrey Martin, Luis R. Gómez‐Mejía, Robert M. Wiseman

Academy of Management Journal

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Cited by in snapshot: 20
References in snapshot: 4
Global cited by: 299

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Cited by 20

Managerial Risk Taking Robert E. Hoskisson et al. · 2016
CEO option wealth and firm risk-taking: An analysis of multiple reference points Elizabeth Lim · 2017
Social pay reference point, external environment, and risk taking: An integrated behavioral and social psychological view Elizabeth Lim · 2018
Better Safe Than Sorry: Subsidiary Performance Feedback and Internal Governance in Multiunit Firms Metin Sengul, Tomasz Obłój · 2017
The mixed gamble of internationalization in family and nonfamily firms: The moderating role of organizational slack Todd M. Alessandri, Daniele Cerrato, Kimberly Eddleston · 2018
Organizational Goals: Antecedents, Formation Processes and Implications for Firm Behavior and Performance Josip Kotlar et al. · 2018
CEO Equity Risk Bearing and Strategic Risk Taking: The Moderating Effect of CEO Personality Mirko H. Benischke, Geoffrey Martin, Lotte Glaser · 2019
Firm Acquisitions by Family Firms: A Mixed Gamble Approach Katrin Hussinger, Abdul-Basit Issah · 2019

Show 12 more citing records

The behavioral theory of the (community‐oriented) firm: The differing response of community‐oriented firms to performance relative to aspirations Stephen Smulowitz, Horacio Enrique Rousseau, Philip Bromiley · 2020
The behavioral agency model: Revised concepts and implications for operations and supply chain research Luis R. Gómez‐Mejía et al. · 2021
Raising or folding the bet? Institutional dynamics, family involvement, and the mixed gamble of internationalization Elitsa R. Banalieva et al. · 2022
Acquisition Relatedness in Family Firms: Do the Environment and the Institutional Context Matter? Michele Pinelli et al. · 2024
Fight or flight? Understanding family firm internationalization when the rules of the game change Ivan Miroshnychenko, Kimberly Eddleston, Alfredo De Massis · 2023
Family Firms’ Shareholder Structure and International Acquisitions: A Differentiated Socioemotional Wealth Approach Andrea Calabrò et al. · 2024
Decision‐making in entrepreneurial teams with competing economic and noneconomic goals Jeroen Neckebrouck, Thomas Zellweger · 2026
Inconsistent performance feedback and firm internationalization: Can CEOs remove the haze? Anita Kerai, Nycil George · 2025
Attention to market expansion: Aspirational antecedent and risk-taking consequence Renfei Gao et al. · 2025
The Mixed Gamble of Competitive Dynamics in Family‐Controlled Firms Jaeyoung Cho, Alfredo De Massis, Josip Kotlar · 2025
Patents, trade secrets and performance aspirations in family firms Katrin Hussinger, Wunnam Basit Issah · 2025
Entrepreneurial decision‐making under uncertainty and competing goals Francesco Chirico et al. · 2026

References 4

Toward a Model of Risk in Declining Organizations: An Empirical Examination of Risk, Performance and Decline Robert M. Wiseman, Philip Bromiley · 1996
Translation of Gambles and Aspiration Level Effects in Risky Choice Behavior John W. Payne, Dan J. Laughhunn, Roy L. Crum · 1980
Variable risk preferences and adaptive aspirations James G. March · 1988
A Behavioral Agency Model of Managerial Risk Taking Robert M. Wiseman, Luis R. Gómez‐Mejía · 1998

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Records that cite some of the same reference targets.

Managerial Risk Taking Robert E. Hoskisson et al. · 2016

28 shared references · rank 1 of 197

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28
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119
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317
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CEO option wealth and firm risk-taking: An analysis of multiple reference points Elizabeth Lim · 2017

21 shared references · rank 2 of 197

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115
Cosine
0.180
Jaccard
0.099
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2 of 197
Performance Feedback and Firm Risk Taking: The Moderating Effects of CEO and Outside Director Stock Options Elizabeth Lim, Brian T. McCann · 2013

20 shared references · rank 3 of 197

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20
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134
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Jaccard
0.086
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A Behavioral Agency Model of Managerial Risk Taking Robert M. Wiseman, Luis R. Gómez‐Mejía · 1998

20 shared references · rank 4 of 197

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20
This record reference degree
119
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162
Cosine
0.144
Jaccard
0.077
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4 of 197
The behavioral agency model: Revised concepts and implications for operations and supply chain research Luis R. Gómez‐Mejía et al. · 2021

17 shared references · rank 5 of 197

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17
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119
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87
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Jaccard
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Organizational Learning from Performance Feedback Henrich R. Greve · 2003

16 shared references · rank 6 of 197

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Applications Henrich R. Greve · 2003

16 shared references · rank 7 of 197

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Conclusion Henrich R. Greve · 2003

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Foundations Henrich R. Greve · 2003

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Introduction Henrich R. Greve · 2003

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CEO Hubris and Firm Risk Taking in China: The Moderating Role of Managerial Discretion Jiatao Li, Yi Tang · 2010

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Variations in R&D Investments of Family and Nonfamily Firms: Behavioral Agency and Myopic Loss Aversion Perspectives James J. Chrisman, Pankaj C. Patel · 2012

13 shared references · rank 14 of 197

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Organizational Risk Taking: Learning Versus Variable Risk Preferences Jerker Denrell · 2005

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Explaining temporal orientation: Evidence from the durability of firms' capital investments David Souder, Philip Bromiley · 2011

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Renewing Research on Problemistic Search—A Review and Research Agenda Hart E. Posen et al. · 2017

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CEO Equity Risk Bearing and Strategic Risk Taking: The Moderating Effect of CEO Personality Mirko H. Benischke, Geoffrey Martin, Lotte Glaser · 2019

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119
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Social pay reference point, external environment, and risk taking: An integrated behavioral and social psychological view Elizabeth Lim · 2018

11 shared references · rank 19 of 197

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119
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Managerial Risk, Innovation, and Organizational Decline Scott Latham, Michael Braun · 2008

11 shared references · rank 20 of 197

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Co-citation

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PERFORMANCE FEEDBACK, SLACK, AND THE TIMING OF ACQUISITIONS. Dinesh N. Iyer, Kent D. Miller · 2008

12 shared citing records · rank 1 of 59

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12
This record citer degree
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Cosine
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Jaccard
0.128
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A Behavioral Theory of the Firm William J. Baumöl, Richard M. Cyert, J. G. March · 1964

11 shared citing records · rank 2 of 59

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11
This record citer degree
20
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Cosine
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Jaccard
0.074
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Variations in R&D Investments of Family and Nonfamily Firms: Behavioral Agency and Myopic Loss Aversion Perspectives James J. Chrisman, Pankaj C. Patel · 2012

10 shared citing records · rank 3 of 59

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Cosine
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Jaccard
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A BEHAVIORAL THEORY OF R&D EXPENDITURES AND INNOVATIONS: EVIDENCE FROM SHIPBUILDING. Henrich R. Greve · 2003

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A Behavioral Agency Model of Managerial Risk Taking Robert M. Wiseman, Luis R. Gómez‐Mejía · 1998

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Performance Feedback and Firm Risk Taking: The Moderating Effects of CEO and Outside Director Stock Options Elizabeth Lim, Brian T. McCann · 2013

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The mixed gamble of internationalization in family and nonfamily firms: The moderating role of organizational slack Todd M. Alessandri, Daniele Cerrato, Kimberly Eddleston · 2018

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Firm Acquisitions by Family Firms: A Mixed Gamble Approach Katrin Hussinger, Abdul-Basit Issah · 2019

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Jaccard
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CEO Hubris and Firm Risk Taking in China: The Moderating Role of Managerial Discretion Jiatao Li, Yi Tang · 2010

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Looking Backward Instead of Forward: Aspiration-Driven Influences on the Efficiency of the Capital Allocation Process Mathias Arrfelt, Robert M. Wiseman, G. Tomas M. Hult · 2012

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All Aspirations are not Created Equal: The Differential Effects of Historical and Social Aspirations on Acquisition Behavior Ji‐Yub Kim, Sydney Finkelstein, Jerayr Haleblian · 2014

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